Key Takeaways:

• Understanding the proper sequence and requirements in the FERS retirement process helps prevent delays and errors.
• Accurate documentation and familiarity with official forms and online tracking resources are essential for a successful FERS retirement application.

FERS Retirement Application Process: Steps, Timeline, and Required Documents

Navigating the FERS (Federal Employees Retirement System) retirement application is a critical milestone for federal employees. In 2026, understanding each part of the process—along with the correct documentation—can ease your transition into federal retirement. This guide presents each step in detail, clarifying the forms you need, providing realistic timelines, and helping you avoid frequent pitfalls.

What Is the FERS Retirement Application?

Overview of FERS retirement system

FERS is designed for most federal employees hired after 1983, combining a basic government pension, Social Security benefits, and the Thrift Savings Plan (TSP). The retirement system is structured to provide security after a career in federal service, with benefits determined by your length of service and average salary.

Purpose of the application process

The FERS retirement application process ensures your eligibility, collects your service history, and formally requests your pension. This administrative sequence connects your personnel records to the Office of Personnel Management (OPM), which adjudicates (reviews and approves) your benefit claim.

Which Forms and Documents Are Required?

Key forms for FERS application

The main form you need is SF 3107 (Application for Immediate Retirement under FERS). You may also need SF 3107-2 if you wish to designate beneficiaries or additional service credit forms for military or civilian service. Additional OPM forms may apply in unique situations (such as disability retirement).

How to gather supporting documents

Collecting your personnel records, all relevant SF 50s (Notification of Personnel Action), proof of military service (such as DD Form 214), and marriage certificates (if applicable) is crucial. Accuracy at this stage can prevent delays and ensure your retirement benefit is calculated correctly.

Step 1: Confirm Your FERS Eligibility

Minimum age and service requirements

Eligibility for a FERS immediate retirement typically requires you to reach your Minimum Retirement Age (MRA), which varies based on your birth year—ranging from age 55 to 57. In addition to age, a certain number of creditable federal years of service, commonly at least 30 years at MRA, 20 years at age 60, or 5 years at age 62, are required. Always reference current OPM tables for your specifics.

Understanding special retirement provisions

Some positions (like law enforcement, firefighters, and air traffic controllers) have their own rules. Special provisions may allow earlier retirement ages or require different service lengths. Confirm with your HR office if these provisions apply to you.

Step 2: Prepare Your Retirement Documents

Employment history verification

Begin by reviewing your Official Personnel Folder (OPF). Confirm that all service periods are correctly documented with SF 50s and that there are no unexplained gaps, breaks, or uncredited service. If discrepancies appear, request corrections through your agency’s HR office before you apply.

Addressing military or civilian service credits

If you have military service, ensure you have submitted any required deposit for crediting those years toward your annuity. Similarly, past temporary civilian service may require a deposit to count toward your pension. Retain proof of paid deposits, as OPM will need this for final calculation.

Step 3: Complete the FERS Application Forms

Filling out form SF 3107

Form SF 3107 is the centerpiece of your application. Complete every section thoroughly, providing accurate personal information, federal service details, and choices regarding survivor benefits. Additional forms (such as SF 3107-2 for beneficiaries) may also be necessary.

Designating beneficiaries

Clearly specify your beneficiaries to direct any lump-sum payments due after your death. This is done via SF 3102 or as indicated on the SF 3107. Ensure the details match your intentions, and keep your choices consistent with your other federal benefit designations to avoid confusion or disputes.

Step 4: Submit Application to Your Agency

Where and how to file paperwork

Submit your completed retirement package to your agency’s HR or retirement office, not directly to OPM. Most agencies require original signatures, so digital copies typically will not suffice. Retain copies of everything for your records.

Common submission mistakes to avoid

Avoid submitting incomplete, unsigned, or outdated forms. Double-check for missing documentation, especially prior service credit deposits or beneficiary designations. Early review by HR can catch mistakes before they result in delays.

Step 5: What Happens After Submission?

Initial agency review process

Once received, your agency verifies your documentation and service record, certifies your final salary and service, and prepares a retirement package for OPM. If discrepancies are detected, HR will contact you for clarification.

Forwarding to OPM for adjudication

After agency review, your application is sent to OPM for adjudication—this is the step where OPM makes the final determination of your benefit and starts your annuity payments. This process can take several months, and OPM may contact you directly if any issues arise.

How Long Does the FERS Process Take?

Estimated processing timelines

In 2026, typical processing times run between two and six months from submission to final approval, varying by agency, time of year, and case complexity. Some cases may take longer if record verification or supplemental documentation is needed.

What can delay an application?

Missing forms, incomplete service history, unresolved service credit deposits, or inaccurate documentation are the most common causes of delay. Ensuring documentation is accurate from the start reduces risk of delays.

Is There a Way to Track My Application?

Using OPM’s online resources

After your application reaches OPM, you can track its status via OPM’s Retirement Services Online portal. This platform provides updates on received documents and application progress.

Who to contact for status updates

For direct inquiries, contact OPM’s Retirement Services at their published number or your agency’s HR office for pre-OPM status. Maintain copies of all correspondence and document any communications about your application.

Common Issues with FERS Retirement Applications

Frequent documentation errors

Common mistakes include incorrect Social Security numbers, mismatched dates of service, or missing signatures. Scrutiny at each step reduces the chance of such errors.

How missing information is handled

If information is missing or clarification is required, OPM or your agency will contact you. Responding promptly and completely helps prevent major delays or benefit interruptions.

FAQs About FERS Retirement Application

Can applications be withdrawn or changed?

Yes; you can withdraw or amend your application prior to final OPM adjudication if your plans change or errors are discovered. Submit a written request through your agency or directly to OPM, depending on the processing stage.

What if paperwork is lost or incomplete?

If something is lost, supply replacement documents as quickly as possible. Retain full copies of everything you submit for your own reference and as backup.